sapiСистемный анализ и прикладная информатика«System analysis and applied information science»2309-49232414-0481Belarusian National Technical University10.21122/2309-4923-2022-2-34-39sapi-558Research ArticleУправление техническими объектамиManagement of technical objectsМодели устройств и технологии передачи обработки данных в сетях интернета вещейDevice models and technologies of data transmission and processing in the internet of things networksВишняковВ. А.VishnyakovV. A.

Vishnyakov Vladimir Anatolyevich - Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of ICT.

vish2002@list.ruБелорусский государственный университет информатики и радиоэлектроникиБеларусьBelarusian State University of Informatics and RadioelectronicsBelarus202216062022023439Copyright © Вишняков В.А., 20222022Вишняков В.А.Vishnyakov V.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sapi.bntu.by/jour/article/view/558

Предметом исследований является анализ и определение информационной модели устройств, выбор технологий и протоколов сбора и анализа данных, протоколов маршрутизации для сетей Интернета вещей (IoT). Цель статьи ‒ создание информационной модели IoT устройств, определение технологий и протоколов передачи и обработки данных и маршрутизации в системах Интернет вещей.

Построение информационной модели IoT-устройства включает определение источников данных и их форматов, создание модели и структуры данных, их  анализ с помощью таких инструментов как: Eclipse Vorto ThingBoard, Ubodots IoT, Node-Red-UI, freeboard.io. Приведен пример описания модели устройств управления микроклиматом с использованием инструментария Eclipse Vorto.

Рассмотрены две основные технологии обработки данных от IoT устройств: IBM Watson IoT, Cisco IWF с примерами их применения. Обсуждены радиочастотная, инфракрасная, оптическая и гальваническая технологии для взаимодействия между устройствами сбора данных и передачи данных в сетях IoT с примерами их использования. 

Обсуждены области применения трех основных сетевых протоколов IoT: MQTT (большие корпоративные сети), CoAP (ограниченные сети в интернете), Bluetooth Low Energy (локальные сети без интернета с небольшим объемом данных).В качестве дополнительных протоколов для сетей  могут использоваться Wi-Fi WebSockets, ZigBee, LoRA, Simple RF, XMPP, RFID, NFC. Обсуждены особенности использования протоколов маршрутизации в IoT сетях: RPL (с низким энергопотреблением), cognitive RPL (для интеллектуальных сетей), CARP (для сетей подводной связи), Е-CARP (для многократного использования данных). Результаты исследований применяются для построения сети IoT анализа качества продукции.

The subject of research is the analysis and definition of the information model of devices, the choice of technologies and protocols for data collection and analysis, routing protocols for the Internet of Things (IoT) networks. The purpose of the article is to create an information model of IoT devices, to define technologies and protocols for data transmission and processing and routing in Internet of Things systems. Building an information model of an IoT device includes identifying data sources and their formats, creating a model and data structure, and analyzing them using tools such as: Eclipse Vorto ThingBoard, Ubodots IoT, Node-Red-UI, freeboard.io . An example of a description of a model of microclimate control devices using the Eclipse Vorto toolkit is given. Two main data processing technologies from IoT devices are considered: IBM Watson IoT, Cisco IWF with examples of their application. Radio frequency, infrared, optical and galvanic technologies for interaction between data collection and data transmission devices in IoT networks with examples of their use are discussed. The areas of application of three main IoT network protocols are considered: MQTT (large corporate networks), CoAP (limited networks on the Internet), Bluetooth Low Energy (local networks without the Internet with a small amount of data).Wi-Fi WebSockets, ZigBee, LoRA, Simple RF, XMPP, RFID, NFC can be used as additional protocols for networks. The features of using routing protocols in IoT networks are discussed: RPL (low power consumption), cognitive RPL (for intelligent networks), CARP (for underwater communication networks), E-CARP (for data reuse).

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.